The pearl count is the treasure of Chinese mathematical culture, and the pearl count is a major innovation development of modern pearl river culture. Both the modern brain science and the pearl - counting education teaching practice have proved that pearl mental calculation has the function of developing intellectual potential. This is the total goal of the study of beads, and different values should be reflected in different ages.

In October 2011, guided by the Chinese association of abacus mental arithmetic unit, the Shanghai association of abacus mental arithmetic and Taiwan business will be the abacus committee jointly organized the "carrying forward the culture of the Chinese abacus, abacus showcase" across the Taiwan straits, formally put forward the abacus mental calculation with the idea of lifelong learning, to push the abacus mental arithmetic to the height of the lifelong learning.

On the one hand, it refers to the calculation of the heart rate from children to old age. On the other hand, at any age of life, you can participate in the study of the calculation of the heart count, but the value orientation is different. The abacus mental calculation is suitable for all ages crowd, for children and adolescents have the effect of the development of intelligence, for special children with intellectual disabilities and rehabilitation, fill a vacancy to colleges and economics students can promote the development of professional literacy and skills, as well as to the more and more social attention to the elderly brain and delay the aging of the role.

One, to develop early brain potential for the target of early childhood beads for the popularization of teaching

Children's heart count and elementary school beads are different in value orientation. The development of early childhood brain potential is the main purpose of the teaching of children's pearl.

Children abacus course development began in 1997, the Shanghai municipal association of the abacus and Shared by Shanghai teach science college general education "abacus curriculum development research" subject, "the ninth five-year plan key subject is the ministry of education theory and practice of the basic education development research of corpus. The purpose of the activity is to "develop the brain potential, cultivate non-intellectual factors, strengthen the practical ability and inspire innovative thinking". Guidelines: "learn pearl mental arithmetic in entertainment and develop brain function in games".

Children learn abacus is built on the abacus unique, scientific structure, and the abacus calculation method is intuitive and operational, on the basis of this form of representation operation ability is the root of the abacus as the carrier to develop children's brain potential.

Insist on the synchronous teaching of pearl counting and bead calculation. The abacus and abacus synchronization is accompanied by children began to recognize the early stages of the number, imei number, in the process of learning to dial 1-9, began to establish calculate bead appearance, and constantly improve the bead representation, in the add and subtract computing ability of operation. The "bead representation" and "appearance operation" are two aspects of the whole, which cannot be separated easily. Establish bead appearance is representation, the premise of operation, and through the operation of representation (the number of pens and subtract more listening to mental arithmetic and mental arithmetic) to improve the quality of the bead representation, and promote each other, synchronous development.

Abacus calculation with abacus synchronous learning also reflect in order four activities: operating with (visual perception) - the actual dial pearl dial (solid) - analog dial pearl dial (empty) - want to dial (surface) in the brain. The process to mobilize and use hand dial, eyes, mouth, ears hear, coordinate the activities of brain to various senses, stimulate the brain nerve, right hemispheres image thinking, develop the intelligence of the child (attention, observation, memory, imagination and thinking ability). Only by adhering to the unity of "process" and "goal" can we better embody the general goal of developing intelligence.

Direct plus or minus is the best time to synchronize with the beads. The steady improvement in the formation of beads and the quality of appearance requires a process that is easy to be difficult to reach. The child is exposed to the abacus, with interest, as a toy, learning tools, can operate directly. Straight and lapse without numerical algorithm of requirements, can be directly to the operation of the physical abacus transition to the representation of the operation, by the operation of a (single digit straight add lapse 5-10) gradually transition to the operation of the two gears (1, 2 digits straight plus lapse 3-6 pen). In this way, children can learn easily and improve the quality of the beads in a limited amount of time. With the increase of preschool age, after the development of thinking ability, the breakthrough teaching difficulty of the 5 and 10, on the basis of their abilities will soon be able to form with abacus, reach agreement in young children with abacus nine grade appraisal standard (since 05 success rate between 95% and 98%, scheduling, for 60 minutes per week, four semesters). And it is far easier to understand the arithmetic in terms of the calculation than the stroke. To explain a problem here is that young children through direct and lapse and manual computation learning skills to improve the representation of process no matter on the methods, means, target the distinction that having essence, can't use concept of manual computation calculation requirements (children can only learn within 10) to define the scope of abacus calculation. Of course in the abacus calculation with abacus synchronous teaching process with children's number concept formation and the development law, reflected in the education concept, to adapt to the teaching rule, conform to the students' physical and mental development conditions, adhere to the two main line in hand.

In 2006, in the survey of 4,983 large class children in 109 activity points in the urban area of Shanghai (accounting for 50% of the total number of study participants) :

Do you like the marbles?

Prefer (3593) prefer (1291) not like (93) not to fill (6).

You feel the learning process

(1) interesting (3597) general (1335) is boring (42) without filling (9).

Learning beads is a stressful time for you

There is no pressure (3099) in general (1819) there is a burden (62) not filling (3).

For you, study beads

It is easy (2460) to learn (2437) not to (83) not to fill (3).

98.01% of the children chose love and prefer, 72.19% of the children think abacus learning process is interesting, only 0.84% think boring, only 1.24% think there is a burden, 98.27% of the children chose easily and can learn, you can see children to learn from these data, interested in learning, also can learn, it is also shows that early childhood learning abacus is accord with children's age characteristic and the law of cognition.

On the whole, the children's mental activity is a novel activity which aims at developing the intelligence as the carrier of interest, the game as the means and the ball as the carrier. Children abacus is the "main" of study the development of the brain potential, "by-products" is associated with several concept of development, the improvement of computing power, the power of thought development and the cultivation of non-intelligence factors.

Two, the calculation of the calculation of the heart as the carrier with the mathematical education combination, the improvement of mathematical ability for the purpose of the primary school of the school of the study of the curriculum development

The study of bead mental arithmetic has two forms: tigao type and popular type. Started in the 80 s for the purpose of competitive and give priority to with practice the abacus is a form of DiGaoXing, premise is learn abacus abacus to "proficient" before it can be transferred into learning abacus. It is the correct and the speed, the correct and the speed are the standard for the inspection of the quality of the beads. This kind of training method is effective for the competition, the effect of intellectual development is also obvious, our country bead mental arithmetic player is in the international leading level is the best proof. The main purpose of this study is to study the ubiquitous pearl mental arithmetic activities. The aim is to "work hard in the pearl river and see the effect in mathematics".

In August 2008, the ball-counting teaching method combined with mathematics was the mainstream of the national pearl mental arithmetic teaching conference. Combined with mathematics cannot be simply interpreted as the relation of transformation, the relationship between the high and low bit, calling for a restriction on the bead mental arithmetic was calculated by the manual computation on the number of digits and pen, it is to stay on the surface of understanding, didn't see the abacus mental calculation the real value. As affordable abacus is its core content and calculation, so it cannot leave the mathematics education environment, and is limited by the number of classes, to achieve efficient and relief effect, must both intelligence development and improve mathematical ability. The key is to find the binding point of education with mathematics, find the way to improve the quality of the bead representation, and grasp the degree and quantity of the ball calculating exercises. As one of the most vital elementary school students, it is important to show the value of the curriculum of pearl mental arithmetic, and to be accepted by the teachers of mathematics in elementary schools.

In May 2006, the seminar was held in Shanghai. This is a great event of dialogue and communication between experts from the field of mathematics, education, mathematics history, science and history. The delegates to the general assembly solemnly passed "the national, scientific and popular direction, vigorously carry forward the Chinese abacus culture" of the theme files, see the history status and function of the abacus role positioning in "the treasure of Chinese traditional mathematics culture, is a profound intangible cultural heritage". After professor Zhang Dianzhou joined Shanghai elementary school mathematics textbooks deputy editor Huang Jianhong teacher and the writer to "the corner that is forgotten the abacus: dont" title, to the national mathematics curriculum standard panel to the proposal. Then, with the efforts of professor zhang and his colleagues in the mathematics and education circles, the national mathematics curriculum standard, which was published in 2010, was reintegrated into primary school mathematics. This is a successful example of cooperation between the pearl and mathematics education circles. Although it is not possible to enter the primary school mathematics curriculum at present, the acceptance of the concept is the most important. Because it opens the way for future development.

Development of school-based curriculum in elementary school with abacus to math the photograph echo, curriculum referred to in the abacus in reflect the role of decimal position system of notation, school-based curriculum to mining and reflect more fully. The decimal value system and the abacus are the major mathematical inventions of China. With the aid of "concrete and abstract" abacus, will the number of physical transition to abstract digital position, said the figures of understanding of the operation to calculate bead, can stimulate students' interest, promote the formation and development of the concept of number, help students form a digital sequence and the concept of digital size, clear. Such as teaching material can render large number of reading and writing, transformation between measurement units, yuan Angle and decimal notation and its calculation and so on, these are the best breakthrough point bead mental arithmetic combined with mathematics. In terms of content, they are perfectly matched; It increases the operation of beads representation and reduces the time of mathematics teaching. In effect, the difficulty of mathematics teaching has been overcome, and the quality of the bead representation has been improved, and the ability to solve practical problems has been enhanced.

At the same time, we should give full play to the calculation advantage of the calculated calculation, understand the algorithm, improve the operation efficiency, and reduce the student burden. If the digital alignment is understood, the calculation of the number of the same digit can be used to calculate the relationship between the processing and the calculation. Mathematics is the base of mathematics, and one of the tasks of mathematics teaching in primary school is to lay a solid foundation for students. The solid calculation foundation mainly includes the following aspects: 1. Understanding the various calculation methods, knowing what method to use to calculate the situation. Know what the situation requires. What tools should be used to calculate. It has the right and fast computing skills.

Elementary school students' mathematical abilities include numeracy, logical thinking, spatial ability, and problem-solving ability. Bead mental arithmetic combined with mathematics, at the same time in the development of intellectual potential to improve the students' mathematical ability, this is the core of the development of school-based curriculum in elementary school bead mental arithmetic value, based on this understanding, abacus can also have a bigger play space.

Two experiments have been launched in the development of the curriculum development of the elementary school in Shanghai. Is 2007 to 2010 in the first round to kindergarten students learned abacus as study object, and combined into a class, by the same a mathematics teacher, a professor of mathematics and abacus class (60 minutes per week), completed 6 copies school-based teaching materials of writing; The second round of the experiment began in 2011, starting with the elementary school students who were zero-based in the first grade, starting with the study of the school-based curriculum, and completed the two years of the child's mind in one year. These two forms of school-based curriculum activities have achieved good results.

Thirdly, the innovation and development of special children's social adaptation ability for the purpose of teaching experiment are developed

It is an important aspect of the development of the brain's potential to develop the mental arithmetic of disabled children. It is also a window for publicity; It pays more attention to the amblyopia group and advocates a microcosm of harmonious society.

The experiment of modern brain science has observed that "the bead mental processing adopts the visual spatial representation, while the general mental arithmetic USES the language area more". This has opened up a channel for children with mental disabilities who are unable to form a number of concepts and master simple calculations in the language area, and the practice of dong li fengmei secondary school for more than a decade has confirmed this.

School "life with abacus" research, conducted in the development of students' social adaptation ability for the purpose, to live with abacus teaching as the carrier, to help students form the most basic social interaction process of mathematical application ability "goal, determines the course content, in the field of 9 big formed the school-based mathematics syllabus, write the number before the concept, the number of" knowledge "and" abacus ", "graphics" and "time" teaching materials and students' activity book. The teaching experiment shows that pearl mental arithmetic teaching is helpful to the concept of children culture of moderate and severe mental retardation. Help to improve children's daily life and social adaptability; Help to coordinate children's hand-eye coordination ability to improve brain activation level; Help children develop language skills; To develop students' interest in learning.

The current secondary school students with disabilities degree is more and more heavy, disability categories is more and more complex, in 2011 the statistical data of moderately severe retarded students has accounted for 93.4% of the entire school number of verbal language barrier students accounted for 36.63%, autistic students accounted for 32.70%, cerebral palsy students accounted for 18.32%. Special children cope with individual differences, how to excavate the potential of their maximum, life abacus team deepen the study of different bead mental arithmetic is proposed for the disabled students may play a different role. Children with mental retardation can not only master the concept of Numbers with the abacus, but also use the memory and practice of the abacus formula to carry out a number of addition and subtraction quickly and accurately. The study of children with autism is the advantage of its ability to memorize in visual space, and make up for its lack of language ability. Speech and language disorders in children with abacus learning directly used to calculate bead appearance, using visual space representation, using abacus to the thinking process visualization, remedy the defects in the at the same time also cultivate the mathematics method of thinking; The children of cerebral palsy can reach the rehabilitation training through the operation of the abacus and promote the development of fine motor skills.

In this sense, the focus of the abacus teaching is not only a calculation, but according to different students, establish different targets, taking the appropriate methods, with the disabled men's shoes, to adapt to the life, into the society as the goal, is committed to the sustainable development of the students for life.

Fourth, to carry forward the ethnic culture as the purpose of the "search for the root of China - Chinese students summer camp" activities deepened.

Since 2007, the association for overseas host by the state council, Shanghai municipal government overseas undertaking of "root-searching meet in Shanghai, China - Chinese and overseas Chinese teenagers Chinese culture summer camp" in the project of abacus mental arithmetic teaching tasks. It to promote the overseas Chinese teenagers learn Chinese language and culture and understand the history and present situation of the country and home country, keep the Chinese youth national characteristics and promote youth exchanges at home and abroad is of great significance. In the past five years, the association has sent six teachers to carry out teaching tasks, and gradually improved the design of teaching contents and the application of teaching methods