Abacus,  since the Western Zhou Dynasty, has been three thousand years of  history, is the creation of the ancient working people, while the abacus  is "the world's old computer," said. On 5 December 2013, Abacus was officially listed on the list of human intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO. At  the end of the Ming Dynasty Huizhou businessman Cheng Da-bit  compilation of the "straight refers to the algorithm case" (referred to  as "algorithm case"), is the development of ancient Chinese mathematics  in the process of an important work, was popular in China, Role, widely circulated. In the late Ming Dynasty, his books were spread throughout Southeast Asia, Europe and the Americas. Reporter Su Yong

Business perfection when calculating formulas, write "algorithm cases"

Cheng Tai (1533 ~ 1606) Ming Dynasty businessman, abacus inventor. Word  Ru Si, No. Binqu, Han, Anhui Xiuning County rate of mouth (now  Huangshan City Tunxi) people, was born in businessmen family. When he was a teenager, he was very interested in calligraphy and mathematics, and his life was not done. 20 years old in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River business. Because  of the needs of commercial computing, he always pay attention to  mathematics, visiting teachers, collecting a lot of mathematical books,  assiduously, when the experience. In business contacts, feel the traditional bargaining method of the  inconvenience, decided to compile a concise and practical mathematical  books, and finally completed at the age of 60.

Cheng  Tai bit forty years old, tired of travel, then abandoned business  hometown, carefully study the ancient books, capture the famous long,  after two decades, in the Ming Wanli Ren Chen (1592) wrote a masterpiece  "algorithm Case "seventeen volumes. Six  years later, and the deletion of the book on the simple, written as  "algorithm compilation to" four volumes, as the most basic books of  later folk calculations. "Algorithmic case" details the traditional abacus rules, established  the abacus usage, perfect the abacus formulas, collected the ancient  spread of 595 math problems and documented the solution, is China 16-17  century mathematics field masterpiece.

"The  law of the case", the full name of "new direct directed by the law  case", which can be collected at that time to a variety of practical  mathematical problems and mathematical methods, according to "nine  chapters arithmetic" order, divided into nine chapters, respectively The basic knowledge of an integer, a plus, a minus, a multiplication, a multiplication, a prescribing, and so on. The  calculation method is the first time, in the list of various  calculation methods, but also pointed out that the most convenient  calculation method. The  essence of this book is a comprehensive introduction to the abacus, as  well as abacus of the various methods and return to formulas. For  example, the abstraction of the abstraction of the "nine to song", "two  one Tim for five, every two into a ten ... ..." and a detailed  description of the graphics. This book and more use formulas, poetry form written, easy to understand, easy to remember.

He invented "measure walking car", become the prototype of the tape

The  world's first tape is Cheng Da is located in about 1578 invented, he  was called "measure the speed", Cheng Tai bit so known as "tape father."  According to its principles, construction, use and usage, it is also necessary to admit that it is the prototype of the tape. It consists of wooden jackets, crosses, bamboo strips, iron heart, drill feet and rings and other components. Stripes  are placed in and out of the plaque of the jacket, the drill hole is  easy to insert into the field measurement point, the ring is easy to  carry. Cheng  Da-bit invented the tape measure not only in kind, but also in the  process of writing the "algorithm unified case" in the third volume of a  complete parts, drawings, design drawings and design instructions and a  full set of written information, which invented in the world History is quite rare.

According  to "Ming History" records, Ming Shenzong Wanli six years (1578), the  cabinet first auxiliary Zhang Ju is ordered the national Qingzhang land,  and "land measurement" and "a whip" as its implementation of the  important measures of reform. From  the "algorithm case" was informed that Cheng Tai personally personally  participated in the large-scale Qing Zhang land work. Prior  to this, "the ancient size of the field is relatively long, thanks to  the rope to impulse", not only labor intensity, and the error rate is  too high. So he created a new measurement tool "measuring walking car", its creativity from the use of carpentry fountain.

Cheng Tai bit abacus Museum collection count nearly a thousand pieces

Cheng  Tai bit abacus Museum in Huangshan City Tunxi District rate mouth east,  covers an area of 540 square meters, the main building south facing  south, three interchanges between the two into. Built  in the Ming Dynasty Hongzhi years (the beginning of the 16th century),  is a typical Huizhou civilian buildings, the main room into the three  inter-room, according to the east side of the building is built in the  east of the five buildings, half a floor architectural style is unique, The  main house and the ancestral building upstairs corridor interlinked,  the former residence of the whole seamless, sacrifice after the building  on the potential after the garden - Park. Cheng  Tai bit of the temple (Church No. Qin Si Tang) by Cheng Da-bit  descendants built in the late Kangxi, 9.5 meters high, beam structure,  hard mountain-style horse wall, the front hall after the building,  walking corridors, brick, wood, stone , Wood structure red paint painted gold, is set to the main exhibition hall.

Museum by the former residence of ancestral buildings, museum (Qin Si Tang), Park, and other four parts. There  are more than 4000 copies of different materials and materials, and  there are gold, silver, copper, iron, tin, stone, bone, ivory, mud,  pottery, glass, plastic, seed, and so on. Ten  kinds of materials) nearly a thousand pieces, fully demonstrated the  development of the abacus, the evolution of the historical process.